fish-shell/fish-rust/src/builtins/printf.rs

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// printf - format and print data
// Copyright (C) 1990-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
// any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
// Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
// Usage: printf format [argument...]
//
// A front end to the printf function that lets it be used from the shell.
//
// Backslash escapes:
//
// \" = double quote
// \\ = backslash
// \a = alert (bell)
// \b = backspace
// \c = produce no further output
// \e = escape
// \f = form feed
// \n = new line
// \r = carriage return
// \t = horizontal tab
// \v = vertical tab
// \ooo = octal number (ooo is 1 to 3 digits)
// \xhh = hexadecimal number (hhh is 1 to 2 digits)
// \uhhhh = 16-bit Unicode character (hhhh is 4 digits)
// \Uhhhhhhhh = 32-bit Unicode character (hhhhhhhh is 8 digits)
//
// Additional directive:
//
// %b = print an argument string, interpreting backslash escapes,
// except that octal escapes are of the form \0 or \0ooo.
//
// The `format' argument is re-used as many times as necessary
// to convert all of the given arguments.
//
// David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>
// This file has been imported from source code of printf command in GNU Coreutils version 6.9.
use libc::c_int;
use num_traits;
use std::result::Result;
use crate::builtins::shared::{io_streams_t, STATUS_CMD_ERROR, STATUS_CMD_OK, STATUS_INVALID_ARGS};
use crate::ffi::parser_t;
use crate::locale::{get_numeric_locale, Locale};
use crate::wchar::{encode_byte_to_char, wstr, WExt, WString, L};
use crate::wutil::errors::Error;
use crate::wutil::gettext::{wgettext, wgettext_fmt};
use crate::wutil::wcstod::wcstod;
use crate::wutil::wcstoi::{fish_wcstoi_partial, Options as WcstoiOpts};
use crate::wutil::{sprintf, wstr_offset_in};
use printf_compat::args::ToArg;
use printf_compat::printf::sprintf_locale;
/// \return true if \p c is an octal digit.
fn is_octal_digit(c: char) -> bool {
('0'..='7').contains(&c)
}
/// \return true if \p c is a decimal digit.
fn iswdigit(c: char) -> bool {
c.is_ascii_digit()
}
/// \return true if \p c is a hexadecimal digit.
fn iswxdigit(c: char) -> bool {
c.is_ascii_hexdigit()
}
struct builtin_printf_state_t<'a> {
// Out and err streams. Note this is a captured reference!
streams: &'a mut io_streams_t,
// The status of the operation.
exit_code: c_int,
// Whether we should stop outputting. This gets set in the case of an error, and also with the
// \c escape.
early_exit: bool,
// Our output buffer, so we don't write() constantly.
// Our strategy is simple:
// We print once per argument, and we flush the buffer before the error.
buff: WString,
// The locale, which affects printf output and also parsing of floats due to decimal separators.
locale: Locale,
}
/// Convert to a scalar type. \return the result of conversion, and the end of the converted string.
/// On conversion failure, \p end is not modified.
trait RawStringToScalarType: Copy + num_traits::Zero + std::convert::From<u32> {
/// Convert from a string to our self type.
/// \return the result of conversion, and the remainder of the string.
fn raw_string_to_scalar_type<'a>(
s: &'a wstr,
locale: &Locale,
end: &mut &'a wstr,
) -> Result<Self, Error>;
/// Convert from a Unicode code point to this type.
/// This supports printf's ability to convert from char to scalar via a leading quote.
/// Try it:
/// > printf "%f" "'a"
/// 97.000000
/// Wild stuff.
fn from_ord(c: char) -> Self {
let as_u32: u32 = c.into();
as_u32.into()
}
}
impl RawStringToScalarType for i64 {
fn raw_string_to_scalar_type<'a>(
s: &'a wstr,
_locale: &Locale,
end: &mut &'a wstr,
) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut consumed = 0;
let res = fish_wcstoi_partial(s, WcstoiOpts::default(), &mut consumed);
*end = s.slice_from(consumed);
res
}
}
impl RawStringToScalarType for u64 {
fn raw_string_to_scalar_type<'a>(
s: &'a wstr,
_locale: &Locale,
end: &mut &'a wstr,
) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut consumed = 0;
let res = fish_wcstoi_partial(
s,
WcstoiOpts {
wrap_negatives: true,
..Default::default()
},
&mut consumed,
);
*end = s.slice_from(consumed);
res
}
}
impl RawStringToScalarType for f64 {
fn raw_string_to_scalar_type<'a>(
s: &'a wstr,
locale: &Locale,
end: &mut &'a wstr,
) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut consumed: usize = 0;
let mut result = wcstod(s, locale.decimal_point, &mut consumed);
if result.is_ok() && consumed == s.chars().count() {
*end = s.slice_from(consumed);
return result;
}
// The conversion using the user's locale failed. That may be due to the string not being a
// valid floating point value. It could also be due to the locale using different separator
// characters than the normal english convention. So try again by forcing the use of a locale
// that employs the english convention for writing floating point numbers.
consumed = 0;
result = wcstod(s, '.', &mut consumed);
if result.is_ok() {
*end = s.slice_from(consumed);
}
return result;
}
}
/// Convert a string to a scalar type.
/// Use state.verify_numeric to report any errors.
fn string_to_scalar_type<T: RawStringToScalarType>(
s: &wstr,
state: &mut builtin_printf_state_t,
) -> T {
if s.char_at(0) == '"' || s.char_at(0) == '\'' {
// Note that if the string is really just a leading quote,
// we really do want to convert the "trailing nul".
T::from_ord(s.char_at(1))
} else {
let mut end = s;
let mval = T::raw_string_to_scalar_type(s, &state.locale, &mut end);
state.verify_numeric(s, end, mval.err());
mval.unwrap_or(T::zero())
}
}
/// For each character in str, set the corresponding boolean in the array to the given flag.
fn modify_allowed_format_specifiers(ok: &mut [bool; 256], str: &str, flag: bool) {
for c in str.chars() {
ok[c as usize] = flag;
}
}
impl<'a> builtin_printf_state_t<'a> {
#[allow(clippy::partialeq_to_none)]
fn verify_numeric(&mut self, s: &wstr, end: &wstr, errcode: Option<Error>) {
// This check matches the historic `errcode != EINVAL` check from C++.
// Note that empty or missing values will be silently treated as 0.
if errcode != None && errcode != Some(Error::InvalidChar) && errcode != Some(Error::Empty) {
match errcode.unwrap() {
Error::Overflow => {
self.fatal_error(sprintf!("%ls: %ls", s, wgettext!("Number out of range")));
}
Error::Empty => {
self.fatal_error(sprintf!("%ls: %ls", s, wgettext!("Number was empty")));
}
Error::InvalidChar | Error::CharsLeft => {
panic!("Unreachable");
}
}
} else if !end.is_empty() {
if s.as_ptr() == end.as_ptr() {
self.fatal_error(wgettext_fmt!("%ls: expected a numeric value", s));
} else {
// This isn't entirely fatal - the value should still be printed.
self.nonfatal_error(wgettext_fmt!(
"%ls: value not completely converted (can't convert '%ls')",
s,
end
));
// Warn about octal numbers as they can be confusing.
// Do it if the unconverted digit is a valid hex digit,
// because it could also be an "0x" -> "0" typo.
if s.char_at(0) == '0' && iswxdigit(end.char_at(0)) {
self.nonfatal_error(wgettext_fmt!(
"Hint: a leading '0' without an 'x' indicates an octal number"
));
}
}
}
}
/// Evaluate a printf conversion specification. SPEC is the start of the directive, and CONVERSION
/// specifies the type of conversion. SPEC does not include any length modifier or the
/// conversion specifier itself. FIELD_WIDTH and PRECISION are the field width and
/// precision for '*' values, if HAVE_FIELD_WIDTH and HAVE_PRECISION are true, respectively.
/// ARGUMENT is the argument to be formatted.
#[allow(clippy::collapsible_else_if, clippy::too_many_arguments)]
fn print_direc(
&mut self,
spec: &wstr,
conversion: char,
have_field_width: bool,
field_width: i32,
have_precision: bool,
precision: i32,
argument: &wstr,
) {
/// Printf macro helper which provides our locale.
macro_rules! append_output_fmt {
(
$fmt:expr, // format string of type &wstr
$($arg:expr),* // arguments
) => {
// Don't output if we're done.
if !self.early_exit {
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sprintf_locale(
&mut self.buff,
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$fmt,
&self.locale,
&[$($arg.to_arg()),*]
)
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}
}
}
// Start with everything except the conversion specifier.
let mut fmt = spec.to_owned();
// Create a copy of the % directive, with a width modifier substituted for any
// existing integer length modifier.
match conversion {
'x' | 'X' | 'd' | 'i' | 'o' | 'u' => {
fmt.push_str("ll");
}
'a' | 'e' | 'f' | 'g' | 'A' | 'E' | 'F' | 'G' => {
fmt.push_str("L");
}
's' | 'c' => {
fmt.push_str("l");
}
_ => {}
}
// Append the conversion itself.
fmt.push(conversion);
// Rebind as a ref.
let fmt: &wstr = &fmt;
match conversion {
'd' | 'i' => {
let arg: i64 = string_to_scalar_type(argument, self);
if !have_field_width {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, arg);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, precision, arg);
}
} else {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, arg);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, precision, arg);
}
}
}
'o' | 'u' | 'x' | 'X' => {
let arg: u64 = string_to_scalar_type(argument, self);
if !have_field_width {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, arg);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, precision, arg);
}
} else {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, arg);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, precision, arg);
}
}
}
'a' | 'A' | 'e' | 'E' | 'f' | 'F' | 'g' | 'G' => {
let arg: f64 = string_to_scalar_type(argument, self);
if !have_field_width {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, arg);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, precision, arg);
}
} else {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, arg);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, precision, arg);
}
}
}
'c' => {
if !have_field_width {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, argument.char_at(0));
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, argument.char_at(0));
}
}
's' => {
if !have_field_width {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, argument);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, precision, argument);
}
} else {
if !have_precision {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, argument);
} else {
append_output_fmt!(fmt, field_width, precision, argument);
}
}
}
_ => {
panic!("unexpected opt: {}", conversion);
}
}
}
/// Print the text in FORMAT, using ARGV for arguments to any `%' directives.
/// Return the number of elements of ARGV used.
fn print_formatted(&mut self, format: &wstr, mut argv: &[&wstr]) -> usize {
let mut argc = argv.len();
let save_argc = argc; /* Preserve original value. */
let mut f: &wstr; /* Pointer into `format'. */
let mut direc_start: &wstr; /* Start of % directive. */
let mut direc_length: usize; /* Length of % directive. */
let mut have_field_width: bool; /* True if FIELD_WIDTH is valid. */
let mut field_width: c_int = 0; /* Arg to first '*'. */
let mut have_precision: bool; /* True if PRECISION is valid. */
let mut precision = 0; /* Arg to second '*'. */
let mut ok = [false; 256]; /* ok['x'] is true if %x is allowed. */
// N.B. this was originally written as a loop like so:
// for (f = format; *f != L'\0'; ++f) {
// so we emulate that.
f = format;
let mut first = true;
loop {
if !first {
f = &f[1..];
}
first = false;
if f.is_empty() {
break;
}
match f.char_at(0) {
'%' => {
direc_start = f;
f = &f[1..];
direc_length = 1;
have_field_width = false;
have_precision = false;
if f.char_at(0) == '%' {
self.append_output('%');
continue;
}
if f.char_at(0) == 'b' {
// FIXME: Field width and precision are not supported for %b, even though POSIX
// requires it.
if argc > 0 {
self.print_esc_string(argv[0]);
argv = &argv[1..];
argc -= 1;
}
continue;
}
modify_allowed_format_specifiers(&mut ok, "aAcdeEfFgGiosuxX", true);
let mut continue_looking_for_flags = true;
while continue_looking_for_flags {
match f.char_at(0) {
'I' | '\'' => {
modify_allowed_format_specifiers(&mut ok, "aAceEosxX", false);
}
'-' | '+' | ' ' => {
// pass
}
'#' => {
modify_allowed_format_specifiers(&mut ok, "cdisu", false);
}
'0' => {
modify_allowed_format_specifiers(&mut ok, "cs", false);
}
_ => {
continue_looking_for_flags = false;
}
}
if continue_looking_for_flags {
f = &f[1..];
direc_length += 1;
}
}
if f.char_at(0) == '*' {
f = &f[1..];
direc_length += 1;
if argc > 0 {
let width: i64 = string_to_scalar_type(argv[0], self);
if (c_int::MIN as i64) <= width && width <= (c_int::MAX as i64) {
field_width = width as c_int;
} else {
self.fatal_error(wgettext_fmt!(
"invalid field width: %ls",
argv[0]
));
}
argv = &argv[1..];
argc -= 1;
} else {
field_width = 0;
}
have_field_width = true;
} else {
while iswdigit(f.char_at(0)) {
f = &f[1..];
direc_length += 1;
}
}
if f.char_at(0) == '.' {
f = &f[1..];
direc_length += 1;
modify_allowed_format_specifiers(&mut ok, "c", false);
if f.char_at(0) == '*' {
f = &f[1..];
direc_length += 1;
if argc > 0 {
let prec: i64 = string_to_scalar_type(argv[0], self);
if prec < 0 {
// A negative precision is taken as if the precision were omitted,
// so -1 is safe here even if prec < INT_MIN.
precision = -1;
} else if (c_int::MAX as i64) < prec {
self.fatal_error(wgettext_fmt!(
"invalid precision: %ls",
argv[0]
));
} else {
precision = prec as c_int;
}
argv = &argv[1..];
argc -= 1;
} else {
precision = 0;
}
have_precision = true;
} else {
while iswdigit(f.char_at(0)) {
f = &f[1..];
direc_length += 1;
}
}
}
while matches!(f.char_at(0), 'l' | 'L' | 'h' | 'j' | 't' | 'z') {
f = &f[1..];
}
let conversion = f.char_at(0);
if (conversion as usize) > 0xFF || !ok[conversion as usize] {
self.fatal_error(wgettext_fmt!(
"%.*ls: invalid conversion specification",
wstr_offset_in(f, direc_start) + 1,
direc_start
));
return 0;
}
let mut argument = L!("");
if argc > 0 {
argument = argv[0];
argv = &argv[1..];
argc -= 1;
}
self.print_direc(
&direc_start[..direc_length],
f.char_at(0),
have_field_width,
field_width,
have_precision,
precision,
argument,
);
}
'\\' => {
let consumed_minus_1 = self.print_esc(f, false);
f = &f[consumed_minus_1..]; // Loop increment will add 1.
}
c => {
self.append_output(c);
}
}
}
save_argc - argc
}
fn nonfatal_error<Str: AsRef<wstr>>(&mut self, errstr: Str) {
let errstr = errstr.as_ref();
// Don't error twice.
if self.early_exit {
return;
}
// If we have output, write it so it appears first.
if !self.buff.is_empty() {
self.streams.out.append(&self.buff);
self.buff.clear();
}
self.streams.err.append(errstr);
if !errstr.ends_with('\n') {
self.streams.err.append1('\n');
}
// We set the exit code to error, because one occurred,
// but we don't do an early exit so we still print what we can.
self.exit_code = STATUS_CMD_ERROR.unwrap();
}
fn fatal_error<Str: AsRef<wstr>>(&mut self, errstr: Str) {
let errstr = errstr.as_ref();
// Don't error twice.
if self.early_exit {
return;
}
// If we have output, write it so it appears first.
if !self.buff.is_empty() {
self.streams.out.append(&self.buff);
self.buff.clear();
}
self.streams.err.append(errstr);
if !errstr.ends_with('\n') {
self.streams.err.append1('\n');
}
self.exit_code = STATUS_CMD_ERROR.unwrap();
self.early_exit = true;
}
/// Print a \ escape sequence starting at ESCSTART.
/// Return the number of characters in the string, *besides the backslash*.
/// That is this is ONE LESS than the number of characters consumed.
/// If octal_0 is nonzero, octal escapes are of the form \0ooo, where o
/// is an octal digit; otherwise they are of the form \ooo.
fn print_esc(&mut self, escstart: &wstr, octal_0: bool) -> usize {
assert!(escstart.char_at(0) == '\\');
let mut p = &escstart[1..];
let mut esc_value = 0; /* Value of \nnn escape. */
let mut esc_length; /* Length of \nnn escape. */
if p.char_at(0) == 'x' {
// A hexadecimal \xhh escape sequence must have 1 or 2 hex. digits.
p = &p[1..];
esc_length = 0;
while esc_length < 2 && iswxdigit(p.char_at(0)) {
esc_value = esc_value * 16 + p.char_at(0).to_digit(16).unwrap();
esc_length += 1;
p = &p[1..];
}
if esc_length == 0 {
self.fatal_error(wgettext!("missing hexadecimal number in escape"));
}
self.append_output(encode_byte_to_char((esc_value % 256) as u8));
} else if is_octal_digit(p.char_at(0)) {
// Parse \0ooo (if octal_0 && *p == L'0') or \ooo (otherwise). Allow \ooo if octal_0 && *p
// != L'0'; this is an undocumented extension to POSIX that is compatible with Bash 2.05b.
// Wrap mod 256, which matches historic behavior.
esc_length = 0;
if octal_0 && p.char_at(0) == '0' {
p = &p[1..];
}
while esc_length < 3 && is_octal_digit(p.char_at(0)) {
esc_value = esc_value * 8 + p.char_at(0).to_digit(8).unwrap();
esc_length += 1;
p = &p[1..];
}
self.append_output(encode_byte_to_char((esc_value % 256) as u8));
} else if "\"\\abcefnrtv".contains(p.char_at(0)) {
self.print_esc_char(p.char_at(0));
p = &p[1..];
} else if p.char_at(0) == 'u' || p.char_at(0) == 'U' {
let esc_char: char = p.char_at(0);
p = &p[1..];
let mut uni_value = 0;
let exp_esc_length = if esc_char == 'u' { 4 } else { 8 };
for esc_length in 0..exp_esc_length {
if !iswxdigit(p.char_at(0)) {
// Escape sequence must be done. Complain if we didn't get anything.
if esc_length == 0 {
self.fatal_error(wgettext!("Missing hexadecimal number in Unicode escape"));
}
break;
}
uni_value = uni_value * 16 + p.char_at(0).to_digit(16).unwrap();
p = &p[1..];
}
// N.B. we assume __STDC_ISO_10646__.
if uni_value > 0x10FFFF {
self.fatal_error(wgettext_fmt!(
"Unicode character out of range: \\%c%0*x",
esc_char,
exp_esc_length,
uni_value
));
} else {
// TODO-RUST: if uni_value is a surrogate, we need to encode it using our PUA scheme.
if let Some(c) = char::from_u32(uni_value) {
self.append_output(c);
} else {
self.fatal_error(wgettext!("Invalid code points not yet supported by printf"));
}
}
} else {
self.append_output('\\');
if !p.is_empty() {
self.append_output(p.char_at(0));
p = &p[1..];
}
}
return wstr_offset_in(p, escstart) - 1;
}
/// Print string str, evaluating \ escapes.
fn print_esc_string(&mut self, mut str: &wstr) {
// Emulating the following loop: for (; *str; str++)
while !str.is_empty() {
let c = str.char_at(0);
if c == '\\' {
let consumed_minus_1 = self.print_esc(str, false);
str = &str[consumed_minus_1..];
} else {
self.append_output(c);
}
str = &str[1..];
}
}
/// Output a single-character \ escape.
fn print_esc_char(&mut self, c: char) {
match c {
'a' => {
// alert
self.append_output('\x07'); // \a
}
'b' => {
// backspace
self.append_output('\x08'); // \b
}
'c' => {
// cancel the rest of the output
self.early_exit = true;
}
'e' => {
// escape
self.append_output('\x1B');
}
'f' => {
// form feed
self.append_output('\x0C'); // \f
}
'n' => {
// new line
self.append_output('\n');
}
'r' => {
// carriage return
self.append_output('\r');
}
't' => {
// horizontal tab
self.append_output('\t');
}
'v' => {
// vertical tab
self.append_output('\x0B'); // \v
}
_ => {
self.append_output(c);
}
}
}
fn append_output(&mut self, c: char) {
// Don't output if we're done.
if self.early_exit {
return;
}
self.buff.push(c);
}
}
/// The printf builtin.
pub fn printf(
_parser: &mut parser_t,
streams: &mut io_streams_t,
argv: &mut [&wstr],
) -> Option<c_int> {
let mut argc = argv.len();
// Rebind argv as immutable slice (can't rearrange its elements), skipping the command name.
let mut argv: &[&wstr] = &argv[1..];
argc -= 1;
if argc < 1 {
return STATUS_INVALID_ARGS;
}
let mut state = builtin_printf_state_t {
streams,
exit_code: STATUS_CMD_OK.unwrap(),
early_exit: false,
buff: WString::new(),
locale: get_numeric_locale(),
};
let format = argv[0];
argc -= 1;
argv = &argv[1..];
loop {
let args_used = state.print_formatted(format, argv);
argc -= args_used;
argv = &argv[args_used..];
if !state.buff.is_empty() {
state.streams.out.append(&state.buff);
state.buff.clear();
}
if !(args_used > 0 && argc > 0 && !state.early_exit) {
break;
}
}
return Some(state.exit_code);
}