fish-shell/doc_src/cmds/umask.rst

.. _cmd-umask:

umask - set or get the file creation mode mask
==============================================

Synopsis
--------

.. synopsis::

    umask [OPTIONS] [MASK]


Description
-----------

.. only:: builder_man

          NOTE: This page documents the fish builtin ``umask``.
          To see the documentation on any non-fish versions, use ``command man umask``.

``umask`` displays and manipulates the "umask", or file creation mode mask, which is used to restrict the default access to files.

The umask may be expressed either as an octal number, which represents the rights that will be removed by default, or symbolically, which represents the only rights that will be granted by default.

Access rights are explained in the manual page for the ``chmod(1)`` program.

With no parameters, the current file creation mode mask is printed as an octal number.

**-S** or **--symbolic**
    Prints the umask in symbolic form instead of octal form.

**-p** or **--as-command**
    Outputs the umask in a form that may be reused as input.

**-h** or **--help**
    Displays help about using this command.

If a numeric mask is specified as a parameter, the current shell's umask will be set to that value, and the rights specified by that mask will be removed from new files and directories by default.

If a symbolic mask is specified, the desired permission bits, and not the inverse, should be specified. A symbolic mask is a comma separated list of rights. Each right consists of three parts:

- The first part specifies to whom this set of right applies, and can be one of ``u``, ``g``, ``o`` or ``a``, where ``u`` specifies the user who owns the file, ``g`` specifies the group owner of the file, ``o`` specific other users rights and ``a`` specifies all three should be changed.

- The second part of a right specifies the mode, and can be one of ``=``, ``+`` or ``-``, where ``=`` specifies that the rights should be set to the new value, ``+`` specifies that the specified right should be added to those previously specified and ``-`` specifies that the specified rights should be removed from those previously specified.

- The third part of a right specifies what rights should be changed and can be any combination of ``r``, ``w`` and ``x``, representing read, write and execute rights.

If the first and second parts are skipped, they are assumed to be ``a`` and ``=``, respectively. As an example, ``r,u+w`` means all users should have read access and the file owner should also have write access.

Note that symbolic masks currently do not work as intended.


Example
-------

``umask 177`` or ``umask u=rw`` sets the file creation mask to read and write for the owner and no permissions at all for any other users.
docs: Add labels to all commands This allows us to use :ref: references, which don't require hardcoding it as html [ci skip] 2019-03-31 17:05:09 +08:00			`.. _cmd-umask:`

Switch command docs from \section to reStructuredText 2018-12-17 09:39:33 +08:00			`umask - set or get the file creation mode mask`
Fix command section separator line lengths 2019-01-03 12:10:47 +08:00			`==============================================`
Switch command docs from \section to reStructuredText 2018-12-17 09:39:33 +08:00
Migrate the 'synopsis' sections to .rst format 2018-12-18 09:58:24 +08:00			`Synopsis`
			`--------`
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
docs synopsis: add HTML highlighing and automate manpage markup Recent synopsis changes move from literal code blocks to [RST line blocks]. This does not translate well to HTML: it's not rendered in monospace, so aligment is lost. Additionally, we don't get syntax highlighting in HTML, which adds differences to our code samples which are highlighted. We hard-wrap synopsis lines (like code blocks). To align continuation lines in manpages we need [backslashes in weird places]. Combined with the *, , and `` markup, it's a bit hard to get the alignment right. Fix these by moving synopsis sources back to code blocks and compute HTML syntax highlighting and manpage markup with a custom Sphinx extension. The new Pygments lexer can tokenize a synopsis and assign the various highlighting roles, which closely matches fish's syntax highlighing: - command/keyword (dark blue) - parameter (light blue) - operator like and/or/not/&&/\|\| (cyan) - grammar metacharacter (black) For manpage output, we don't project the fish syntax highlighting but follow the markup convention in GNU's man(1): bold text type exactly as shown. italic text replace with appropriate argument. To make it easy to separate these two automatically, formalize that (italic) placeholders must be uppercase; while all lowercase text is interpreted literally (so rendered bold). This makes manpages more consistent, see string-join(1) and and(1). Implementation notes: Since we want manpage formatting but Sphinx's Pygments highlighing plugin does not support manpage output, add our custom "synopsis" directive. This directive parses differently when manpage output is specified. This means that the HTML and manpage build processes must not share a cache, because the parsed doctrees are cached. Work around this by using separate cache locations for build targets "sphinx-docs" (which creates HTML) and "sphinx-manpages". A better solution would be to only override Sphinx's ManualPageBuilder but that would take a bit more code (ideally we could override ManualPageWriter but Sphinx 4.3.2 doesn't really support that). --- Alternative solution: stick with line blocks but use roles like :command: or :option: (or custom ones). While this would make it possible to produce HTML that is consistent with code blocks (by adding a bit of CSS), the source would look uglier and is harder to maintain. (Let's say we want to add custom formatting to the [\|] metacharacters in HTML. This is much easier with the proposed patch.) --- [RST line blocks]: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/restructuredtext.html#line-blocks [backslashes in weird places]: https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/pull/8626#discussion_r782837750 2022-01-09 22:09:46 +08:00			`.. synopsis::`

docs synopsis: make all placeholder arguments uppercase man(1) uses lowercase placeholders but we usually don't. Additionally, the new synopsis autoformatting only recognizes placeholders if they are uppercase. Use uppercase for all placeholders. 2022-01-17 12:29:49 +08:00			`umask [OPTIONS] [MASK]`
Migrate the 'synopsis' sections to .rst format 2018-12-18 09:58:24 +08:00
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
Convert \\subsection sections into rst format 2018-12-19 10:44:30 +08:00			`Description`
Fix command section separator line lengths 2019-01-03 12:10:47 +08:00			`-----------`
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
Reference more non-fish shell builtins that have relevant differences When writing scripts for other shells, it can be confusing and annoying that our `man` function shadows other manual pages, for example `exec(1p)` from [Linux man-pages]. I almost never want to see the fish variant for such contended cases (which obviuosly don't include fish-specific commands like `string`, only widely-known shell builtins). For the contented cases like `exec`, the POSIX documentation is more substantial and useful, since it describes a (sub)set of languages widely used for scripting. Because of this I think we should stop overriding the system's man pages. Nowadays we offer `exec -h` as intuitive way to show the documentation for the fish-specific command (note that `help` is not a good replacement because it uses a web browser). Looking through the contended commands, it seems like for most of them, the fish version is not substantially different from the system version. A notable exception is `read` but I don't think it's a very important one. So I think we should can sacrifice a bit of the native fish-scripting experience in exchange for playing nicer with other shells. I think the latter is more important because scripting is not our focus, the way I see it. So maybe put our manpath at the end. In lieu of that, let's at least have `exec.rst` reference the system variant. [Linux man-pages]: https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/ Closes #10376 2024-03-16 23:45:00 +08:00			`.. only:: builder_man`

			NOTE: This page documents the fish builtin ``umask``.
			To see the documentation on any non-fish versions, use ``command man umask``.

Switch backticks to double backticks for rst compatibility 2018-12-20 04:02:45 +08:00			``umask`` displays and manipulates the "umask", or file creation mode mask, which is used to restrict the default access to files.
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
			`The umask may be expressed either as an octal number, which represents the rights that will be removed by default, or symbolically, which represents the only rights that will be granted by default.`

docs: Fix some sphinx errors See #5696. [ci skip] 2019-03-30 03:55:28 +08:00			Access rights are explained in the manual page for the ``chmod(1)`` program.
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
			`With no parameters, the current file creation mode mask is printed as an octal number.`

docs: standardise on definition lists for options Harmonizes the option listing including formatting in a similar manner to the synopsis of each entry. 2022-03-11 23:56:20 +08:00			`-S or --symbolic`
			`Prints the umask in symbolic form instead of octal form.`
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
docs: standardise on definition lists for options Harmonizes the option listing including formatting in a similar manner to the synopsis of each entry. 2022-03-11 23:56:20 +08:00			`-p or --as-command`
			`Outputs the umask in a form that may be reused as input.`
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
docs: standardise on definition lists for options Harmonizes the option listing including formatting in a similar manner to the synopsis of each entry. 2022-03-11 23:56:20 +08:00			`-h or --help`
			`Displays help about using this command.`
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
			`If a numeric mask is specified as a parameter, the current shell's umask will be set to that value, and the rights specified by that mask will be removed from new files and directories by default.`

			`If a symbolic mask is specified, the desired permission bits, and not the inverse, should be specified. A symbolic mask is a comma separated list of rights. Each right consists of three parts:`

Switch backticks to double backticks for rst compatibility 2018-12-20 04:02:45 +08:00			- The first part specifies to whom this set of right applies, and can be one of ``u``, ``g``, ``o`` or ``a``, where ``u`` specifies the user who owns the file, ``g`` specifies the group owner of the file, ``o`` specific other users rights and ``a`` specifies all three should be changed.
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
Switch backticks to double backticks for rst compatibility 2018-12-20 04:02:45 +08:00			- The second part of a right specifies the mode, and can be one of ``=``, ``+`` or ``-``, where ``=`` specifies that the rights should be set to the new value, ``+`` specifies that the specified right should be added to those previously specified and ``-`` specifies that the specified rights should be removed from those previously specified.
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
Switch backticks to double backticks for rst compatibility 2018-12-20 04:02:45 +08:00			- The third part of a right specifies what rights should be changed and can be any combination of ``r``, ``w`` and ``x``, representing read, write and execute rights.
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
Switch backticks to double backticks for rst compatibility 2018-12-20 04:02:45 +08:00			If the first and second parts are skipped, they are assumed to be ``a`` and ``=``, respectively. As an example, ``r,u+w`` means all users should have read access and the file owner should also have write access.
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
			`Note that symbolic masks currently do not work as intended.`


Convert \\subsection sections into rst format 2018-12-19 10:44:30 +08:00			`Example`
Fix command section separator line lengths 2019-01-03 12:10:47 +08:00			`-------`
Copy doc_src to sphinx_doc_src and add a TOC 2018-12-17 05:08:41 +08:00
Switch backticks to double backticks for rst compatibility 2018-12-20 04:02:45 +08:00			``umask 177`` or ``umask u=rw`` sets the file creation mask to read and write for the owner and no permissions at all for any other users.