We need a way to encode arbitrary strings into valid fish variable
names. It would also be nice if we could convert strings to valid URLs
without using the slow and hard to understand `__fish_urlencode` function.
In particular, eliminating the need to manipulate the locale.
Fixes#4150
Per discussion in PR#3998 to review adding a `--filter` flag to `string
replace` rename the same flag in the `string match` subcommand to avoid
confusion about the meaning of the flag.
pcre2_substitute() now sets the output buffer length to PCRE2_UNSET (~0)
if the output buffer is determined to be too small. This change keeps
track of the buffer size separately where pcre2 can't touch it.
A better fix would be to let pcre2 tell fish what size buffer it needs.
This can be done with PCRE2_SUBSTITUTE_OVERFLOW_LENGTH, but this
requires pcre2 10.21 or later (released January 12), which may be too
new to introduce as a dependency at this point.
Fixes#2743
