mirror of
https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell.git
synced 2024-11-30 22:34:29 +08:00
187 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
187 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
[fish](https://fishshell.com/) - the friendly interactive shell [](https://travis-ci.org/fish-shell/fish-shell)
|
|
================================================
|
|
|
|
fish is a smart and user-friendly command line shell for macOS, Linux, and the rest of the family.
|
|
fish includes features like syntax highlighting, autosuggest-as-you-type, and fancy tab completions
|
|
that just work, with no configuration required.
|
|
|
|
For more on fish's design philosophy, see the [design document](https://fishshell.com/docs/current/design.html).
|
|
|
|
## Quick Start
|
|
|
|
fish generally works like other shells, like bash or zsh. A few important differences can be found at <https://fishshell.com/docs/current/tutorial.html> by searching for the magic phrase "unlike other shells".
|
|
|
|
Detailed user documentation is available by running `help` within fish, and also at <https://fishshell.com/docs/current/index.html>
|
|
|
|
## Getting fish
|
|
|
|
### macOS
|
|
|
|
fish can be installed:
|
|
|
|
* using [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/): `brew install fish`
|
|
* using [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/): `sudo port install fish`
|
|
* using the [installer from fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/)
|
|
* as a [standalone app from fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/)
|
|
|
|
### Packages for Linux
|
|
|
|
Packages for Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS are available from the
|
|
[openSUSE Build
|
|
Service](https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=shells%3Afish%3Arelease%3A2&package=fish).
|
|
|
|
Packages for Ubuntu are available from the [fish
|
|
PPA](https://launchpad.net/~fish-shell/+archive/ubuntu/release-2), and can be installed using the
|
|
following commands:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:fish-shell/release-2
|
|
sudo apt-get update
|
|
sudo apt-get install fish
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Instructions for other distributions may be found at [fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com).
|
|
|
|
### Windows
|
|
|
|
fish can be installed using [Cygwin](https://cygwin.com/) Setup (under the **Shells** category).
|
|
|
|
fish can be installed into Windows Subsystem for Linux using the instructions under *Packages for
|
|
Linux* for the appropriate image (eg Ubuntu).
|
|
|
|
### Building from source
|
|
|
|
If packages are not available for your platform, GPG-signed tarballs are available from
|
|
[fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/) and [fish-shell on
|
|
GitHub](https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/releases).
|
|
|
|
See the *Building* section for instructions.
|
|
|
|
## Running fish
|
|
|
|
Once installed, run `fish` from your current shell to try fish out!
|
|
|
|
### Dependencies
|
|
|
|
Running fish requires:
|
|
|
|
* a curses implementation such as ncurses (libraries and the `tput` command)
|
|
* PCRE2 library - a copy is included with fish
|
|
* MuParser library - a copy is included with fish
|
|
* gettext (library and `gettext` command), if compiled with translation support
|
|
* basic system utilities including `basename`, `cat`, `cut`, `date`, `dircolors`, `dirname`, `ls`,
|
|
`mkdir`, `mkfifo`, `mktemp`, `rm`, `seq`, `sort`, `stat`, `stty`, `tail`, `tr`, `tty`, `uname`,
|
|
`uniq`, `wc`, and `whoami`
|
|
* a number of common UNIX utilities:
|
|
* `awk`
|
|
* `find`
|
|
* `grep`
|
|
* `hostname`
|
|
* `kill`
|
|
* `ps`
|
|
* `sed`
|
|
|
|
The following optional features also have specific requirements:
|
|
|
|
* builtin commands that have the `--help` option or print usage messages require `nroff` and
|
|
`ul` (manual page formatters) to do so
|
|
* completion generation from manual pages requires Python 2.7, 3.3 or greater, and possibly the
|
|
`backports.lzma` module for Python 2.7
|
|
* the `fish_config` Web configuration tool requires Python 2.7, 3.3 or greater, and a web browser
|
|
* system clipboard integration (with the default Ctrl-V and Ctrl-X bindings) require either the
|
|
`xsel` or `pbcopy`/`pbpaste` utilities
|
|
* prompts which support showing VCS information (Git, Mercurial or Subversion) require these
|
|
utilities
|
|
|
|
### Switching to fish
|
|
|
|
If you wish to use fish as your default shell, use the following command:
|
|
|
|
chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish
|
|
|
|
chsh will prompt you for your password, and change your default shell. Substitute `/usr/local/bin/fish` with whatever path to fish is in your `/etc/shells` file.
|
|
|
|
Use the following command if you didn't already add your fish path to `/etc/shells`.
|
|
|
|
echo /usr/local/bin/fish | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
|
|
|
|
To switch your default shell back, you can run:
|
|
|
|
chsh -s /bin/bash
|
|
|
|
Substitute `/bin/bash` with `/bin/tcsh` or `/bin/zsh` as appropriate.
|
|
|
|
You may need to logout/login for the change (chsh) to take effect.
|
|
|
|
## Building
|
|
|
|
### Dependencies
|
|
|
|
Compiling fish requires:
|
|
|
|
* a C++11 compiler (g++ 4.8 or later, or clang 3.3 or later)
|
|
* CMake, or GNU Make (all platforms), or Xcode (macOS only)
|
|
* a curses implementation such as ncurses (headers and libraries)
|
|
* PCRE2 (headers and libraries) - a copy is included with fish
|
|
* MuParser (headers and libraries) - a copy is included with fish
|
|
* gettext (headers and libraries) - optional, for translation support
|
|
|
|
Compiling from git (that is, not a released tarball) also requires:
|
|
|
|
* either Xcode (macOS only) or the following Autotools utilities (all platforms):
|
|
* autoconf 2.60 or later
|
|
* automake 1.13 or later
|
|
* Doxygen (1.8.7 or later) - optional, for documentation
|
|
|
|
### Building from source
|
|
|
|
#### Using CMake
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
mkdir build; cd build
|
|
cmake .. # add -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release for release build
|
|
make install
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
#### Using autotools
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
autoreconf --no-recursive #if building from Git
|
|
./configure
|
|
make
|
|
sudo make install
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Xcode Development Build
|
|
|
|
* Build the `base` target in Xcode
|
|
* Run the fish executable, for example, in `DerivedData/fish/Build/Products/Debug/base/bin/fish`
|
|
|
|
### Xcode Build and Install
|
|
|
|
xcodebuild install
|
|
sudo ditto /tmp/fish.dst /
|
|
sudo make install-doc
|
|
|
|
### Help, it didn't build!
|
|
|
|
If fish reports that it could not find curses, try installing a curses development package and build again.
|
|
|
|
On Debian or Ubuntu you want:
|
|
|
|
sudo apt-get install build-essential ncurses-dev libncurses5-dev gettext autoconf
|
|
|
|
On RedHat, CentOS, or Amazon EC2:
|
|
|
|
sudo yum install ncurses-devel
|
|
|
|
## Contributing Changes to the Code
|
|
|
|
See the [Guide for Developers](CONTRIBUTING.md).
|
|
|
|
## Contact Us
|
|
|
|
Questions, comments, rants and raves can be posted to the official fish mailing list at <https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users> or join us on our [gitter.im channel](https://gitter.im/fish-shell/fish-shell) or IRC channel [#fish at irc.oftc.net](https://webchat.oftc.net/?channels=fish). Or use the [fish tag on Stackoverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fish) for questions related to fish script and the [fish tag on Superuser](https://superuser.com/questions/tagged/fish) for all other questions (e.g., customizing colors, changing key bindings).
|
|
|
|
Found a bug? Have an awesome idea? Please open an issue on this github page.
|