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The user-friendly command line shell.
733114fefb
* Add `set --function`
This makes the function's scope available, even inside of blocks. Outside of blocks it's the toplevel local scope.
This removes the need to declare variables locally before use, and will probably end up being the main way variables get set.
E.g.:
```fish
set -l thing
if condition
set thing one
else
set thing two
end
```
could be written as
```fish
if condition
set -f thing one
else
set -f thing two
end
```
Note: Many scripts shipped with fish use workarounds like `and`/`or`
instead of `if`, so it isn't easy to find good examples.
Also, if there isn't an else-branch in that above, just with
```fish
if condition
set -f thing one
end
```
that means something different from setting it before! Now, if
`condition` isn't true, it would use a global (or universal) variable of
te same name!
Some more interesting parts:
Because it *is* a local scope, setting a variable `-f` and
`-l` in the toplevel of a function ends up the same:
```fish
function foo2
set -l foo bar
set -f foo baz # modifies the *same* variable!
end
```
but setting it locally inside a block creates a new local variable
that shadows the function-scoped variable:
```fish
function foo3
set -f foo bar
begin
set -l foo banana
# $foo is banana
end
# $foo is bar again
end
```
This is how local variables already work. "Local" is actually "block-scoped".
Also `set --show` will only show the closest local scope, so it won't
show a shadowed function-level variable. Again, this is how local
variables already work, and could be done as a separate change.
As a fun tidbit, functions with --no-scope-shadowing can now use this to set variables in the calling function. That's probably okay given that it's already an escape hatch (but to be clear: if it turns out to problematic I reserve the right to remove it).
Fixes #565
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| .github | ||
| benchmarks | ||
| build_tools | ||
| cmake | ||
| debian | ||
| doc_src | ||
| docker | ||
| etc | ||
| osx | ||
| pcre2 | ||
| po | ||
| share | ||
| src | ||
| tests | ||
| .clang-format | ||
| .clang-tidy | ||
| .editorconfig | ||
| .gitattributes | ||
| .gitignore | ||
| .oclint | ||
| BSDmakefile | ||
| CHANGELOG.rst | ||
| CMakeLists.txt | ||
| CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md | ||
| config_cmake.h.in | ||
| CONTRIBUTING.rst | ||
| COPYING | ||
| Dockerfile | ||
| fish.desktop | ||
| fish.pc.in | ||
| fish.png | ||
| fish.spec.in | ||
| GNUmakefile | ||
| README.rst | ||
`fish <https://fishshell.com/>`__ - the friendly interactive shell |Build Status| ================================================================================= fish is a smart and user-friendly command line shell for macOS, Linux, and the rest of the family. fish includes features like syntax highlighting, autosuggest-as-you-type, and fancy tab completions that just work, with no configuration required. For more on fish’s design philosophy, see the `design document <https://fishshell.com/docs/current/design.html>`__. Quick Start ----------- fish generally works like other shells, like bash or zsh. A few important differences can be found at https://fishshell.com/docs/current/tutorial.html by searching for the magic phrase “unlike other shells”. Detailed user documentation is available by running ``help`` within fish, and also at https://fishshell.com/docs/current/index.html Getting fish ------------ macOS ~~~~~ fish can be installed: - using `Homebrew <http://brew.sh/>`__: ``brew install fish`` - using `MacPorts <https://www.macports.org/>`__: ``sudo port install fish`` - using the `installer from fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com/>`__ - as a `standalone app from fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com/>`__ Packages for Linux ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Packages for Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS are available from the `openSUSE Build Service <https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=shells%3Afish&package=fish>`__. Packages for Ubuntu are available from the `fish PPA <https://launchpad.net/~fish-shell/+archive/ubuntu/release-3>`__, and can be installed using the following commands: :: sudo apt-add-repository ppa:fish-shell/release-3 sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install fish Instructions for other distributions may be found at `fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com>`__. Windows ~~~~~~~ - On Windows 10, fish can be installed under the WSL Windows Subsystem for Linux with the instructions for the appropriate distribution listed above under “Packages for Linux”, or from source with the instructions below. - Fish can also be installed on all versions of Windows using `Cygwin <https://cygwin.com/>`__ (from the **Shells** category). Building from source ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If packages are not available for your platform, GPG-signed tarballs are available from `fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com/>`__ and `fish-shell on GitHub <https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/releases>`__. See the `Building <#building>`__ section for instructions. Running fish ------------ Once installed, run ``fish`` from your current shell to try fish out! Dependencies ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Running fish requires: - curses or ncurses (preinstalled on most \*nix systems) - some common \*nix system utilities (currently ``mktemp``), in addition to the basic POSIX utilities (``cat``, ``cut``, ``dirname``, ``ls``, ``mkdir``, ``mkfifo``, ``rm``, ``sort``, ``tee``, ``tr``, ``uname`` and ``sed`` at least, but the full coreutils plus ``find`` and ``awk`` is preferred) - The gettext library, if compiled with translation support The following optional features also have specific requirements: - builtin commands that have the ``--help`` option or print usage messages require ``ul`` and either ``nroff`` or ``mandoc`` for display - automated completion generation from manual pages requires Python 3.5+ - the ``fish_config`` web configuration tool requires Python 3.5+ and a web browser - system clipboard integration (with the default Ctrl-V and Ctrl-X bindings) require either the ``xsel``, ``xclip``, ``wl-copy``/``wl-paste`` or ``pbcopy``/``pbpaste`` utilities - full completions for ``yarn`` and ``npm`` require the ``all-the-package-names`` NPM module - ``colorls`` is used, if its installed, to add color when running ``ls`` Switching to fish ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you wish to use fish as your default shell, use the following command: :: chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish ``chsh`` will prompt you for your password and change your default shell. (Substitute ``/usr/local/bin/fish`` with whatever path fish was installed to, if it differs.) Log out, then log in again for the changes to take effect. Use the following command if fish isn’t already added to ``/etc/shells`` to permit fish to be your login shell: :: echo /usr/local/bin/fish | sudo tee -a /etc/shells To switch your default shell back, you can run ``chsh -s /bin/bash`` (substituting ``/bin/bash`` with ``/bin/tcsh`` or ``/bin/zsh`` as appropriate). Building -------- .. _dependencies-1: Dependencies ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Compiling fish requires: - a C++11 compiler (g++ 4.8 or later, or clang 3.3 or later) - CMake (version 3.5 or later) - a curses implementation such as ncurses (headers and libraries) - PCRE2 (headers and libraries) - a copy is included with fish - gettext (headers and libraries) - optional, for translation support Sphinx is also optionally required to build the documentation from a cloned git repository. Additionally, running the test suite requires Python 3.5+ and the pexpect package. Building from source (all platforms) - Makefile generator ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To install into ``/usr/local``, run: .. code:: bash mkdir build; cd build cmake .. make sudo make install The install directory can be changed using the ``-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` parameter for ``cmake``. Building from source (macOS) - Xcode ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. code:: bash mkdir build; cd build cmake .. -G Xcode An Xcode project will now be available in the ``build`` subdirectory. You can open it with Xcode, or run the following to build and install in ``/usr/local``: .. code:: bash xcodebuild xcodebuild -scheme install The install directory can be changed using the ``-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` parameter for ``cmake``. Build options ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In addition to the normal cmake build options (like ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX``), fish has some other options available to customize it. - BUILD_DOCS=ON|OFF - whether to build the documentation. This is automatically set to OFF when sphinx isn't installed. - INSTALL_DOCS=ON|OFF - whether to install the docs. This is automatically set to on when BUILD_DOCS is or prebuilt documentation is available (like when building in-tree from a tarball). - FISH_USE_SYSTEM_PCRE2=ON|OFF - whether to use an installed pcre2. This is normally autodetected. - MAC_CODESIGN_ID=String|OFF - the codesign ID to use on Mac, or "OFF" to disable codesigning. - WITH_GETTEXT=ON|OFF - whether to build with gettext support for translations. Note that fish does *not* support static linking and will attempt to error out if it detects it. Help, it didn’t build! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If fish reports that it could not find curses, try installing a curses development package and build again. On Debian or Ubuntu you want: :: sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake ncurses-dev libncurses5-dev libpcre2-dev gettext On RedHat, CentOS, or Amazon EC2: :: sudo yum install ncurses-devel Contributing Changes to the Code -------------------------------- See the `Guide for Developers <CONTRIBUTING.rst>`__. Contact Us ---------- Questions, comments, rants and raves can be posted to the official fish mailing list at https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users or join us on our `gitter.im channel <https://gitter.im/fish-shell/fish-shell>`__. Or use the `fish tag on Stackoverflow <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fish>`__ for questions related to fish script and the `fish tag on Superuser <https://superuser.com/questions/tagged/fish>`__ for all other questions (e.g., customizing colors, changing key bindings). Found a bug? Have an awesome idea? Please `open an issue <https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/issues/new>`__. .. |Build Status| image:: https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/workflows/C/C++%20CI/badge.svg :target: https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/actions