/* FUSE: Filesystem in Userspace Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Miklos Szeredi This program can be distributed under the terms of the GNU LGPLv2. See the file COPYING.LIB. */ #ifndef _FUSE_H_ #define _FUSE_H_ #include "extern_c.h" #include "fuse_common.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include EXTERN_C_BEGIN /* ----------------------------------------------------------- * * Basic FUSE API * * ----------------------------------------------------------- */ /** Handle for a FUSE filesystem */ struct fuse; /** Structure containing a raw command */ struct fuse_cmd; struct fuse_dirents_t; typedef struct fuse_dirents_t fuse_dirents_t; /** * The file system operations: * * Most of these should work very similarly to the well known UNIX * file system operations. A major exception is that instead of * returning an error in 'errno', the operation should return the * negated error value (-errno) directly. * * All methods are optional, but some are essential for a useful * filesystem (e.g. getattr). Open, flush, release, fsync, opendir, * releasedir, fsyncdir, access, create, ftruncate, fgetattr, lock, * init and destroy are special purpose methods, without which a full * featured filesystem can still be implemented. * * Almost all operations take a path which can be of any length. * * Changed in fuse 2.8.0 (regardless of API version) * Previously, paths were limited to a length of PATH_MAX. * * See http://fuse.sourceforge.net/wiki/ for more information. There * is also a snapshot of the relevant wiki pages in the doc/ folder. */ struct fuse_operations { /** Get file attributes. * * Similar to stat(). The 'st_dev' and 'st_blksize' fields are * ignored. The 'st_ino' field is ignored except if the 'use_ino' * mount option is given. */ int (*getattr) (const char *, struct stat *, fuse_timeouts_t *); /** Read the target of a symbolic link * * The buffer should be filled with a null terminated string. The * buffer size argument includes the space for the terminating * null character. If the linkname is too long to fit in the * buffer, it should be truncated. The return value should be 0 * for success. */ int (*readlink) (const char *, char *, size_t); /** Create a file node * * This is called for creation of all non-directory, non-symlink * nodes. If the filesystem defines a create() method, then for * regular files that will be called instead. */ int (*mknod) (const char *, mode_t, dev_t); /** Create a directory * * Note that the mode argument may not have the type specification * bits set, i.e. S_ISDIR(mode) can be false. To obtain the * correct directory type bits use mode|S_IFDIR * */ int (*mkdir) (const char *, mode_t); /** Hide files unlinked / renamed over * * Allows storing of a file handle when a file is unlinked * while open. Helps manage the fact the kernel usually does * not send fh with getattr requests. */ int (*prepare_hide)(const char *name_, uint64_t *fh_); int (*free_hide)(const uint64_t fh_); /** Remove a file */ int (*unlink) (const char *); /** Remove a directory */ int (*rmdir) (const char *); /** Create a symbolic link */ int (*symlink) (const char *, const char *, struct stat *, fuse_timeouts_t *); /** Rename a file */ int (*rename) (const char *, const char *); /** Create a hard link to a file */ int (*link) (const char *, const char *, struct stat *, fuse_timeouts_t *); /** Change the permission bits of a file */ int (*chmod) (const char *, mode_t); int (*fchmod)(const fuse_file_info_t *, const mode_t); /** Change the owner and group of a file */ int (*chown) (const char *, uid_t, gid_t); int (*fchown)(const fuse_file_info_t *, const uid_t, const gid_t); /** Change the size of a file */ int (*truncate) (const char *, off_t); /** File open operation * * No creation (O_CREAT, O_EXCL) and by default also no * truncation (O_TRUNC) flags will be passed to open(). If an * application specifies O_TRUNC, fuse first calls truncate() * and then open(). Only if 'atomic_o_trunc' has been * specified and kernel version is 2.6.24 or later, O_TRUNC is * passed on to open. * * Unless the 'default_permissions' mount option is given, * open should check if the operation is permitted for the * given flags. Optionally open may also return an arbitrary * filehandle in the fuse_file_info structure, which will be * passed to all file operations. * * Changed in version 2.2 */ int (*open) (const char *, fuse_file_info_t *); /** Get file system statistics * * The 'f_frsize', 'f_favail', 'f_fsid' and 'f_flag' fields are ignored * * Replaced 'struct statfs' parameter with 'struct statvfs' in * version 2.5 */ int (*statfs) (const char *, struct statvfs *); /** Possibly flush cached data * * BIG NOTE: This is not equivalent to fsync(). It's not a * request to sync dirty data. * * Flush is called on each close() of a file descriptor. So if a * filesystem wants to return write errors in close() and the file * has cached dirty data, this is a good place to write back data * and return any errors. Since many applications ignore close() * errors this is not always useful. * * NOTE: The flush() method may be called more than once for each * open(). This happens if more than one file descriptor refers * to an opened file due to dup(), dup2() or fork() calls. It is * not possible to determine if a flush is final, so each flush * should be treated equally. Multiple write-flush sequences are * relatively rare, so this shouldn't be a problem. * * Filesystems shouldn't assume that flush will always be called * after some writes, or that if will be called at all. * * Changed in version 2.2 */ int (*flush) (const fuse_file_info_t *); /** Release an open file * * Release is called when there are no more references to an open * file: all file descriptors are closed and all memory mappings * are unmapped. * * For every open() call there will be exactly one release() call * with the same flags and file descriptor. It is possible to * have a file opened more than once, in which case only the last * release will mean, that no more reads/writes will happen on the * file. The return value of release is ignored. * * Changed in version 2.2 */ int (*release) (const fuse_file_info_t *); /** Synchronize file contents * * If the datasync parameter is non-zero, then only the user data * should be flushed, not the meta data. * * Changed in version 2.2 */ int (*fsync) (const fuse_file_info_t *, int); /** Set extended attributes */ int (*setxattr) (const char *, const char *, const char *, size_t, int); /** Get extended attributes */ int (*getxattr) (const char *, const char *, char *, size_t); /** List extended attributes */ int (*listxattr) (const char *, char *, size_t); /** Remove extended attributes */ int (*removexattr) (const char *, const char *); /** Open directory * * Unless the 'default_permissions' mount option is given, * this method should check if opendir is permitted for this * directory. Optionally opendir may also return an arbitrary * filehandle in the fuse_file_info structure, which will be * passed to readdir, closedir and fsyncdir. * * Introduced in version 2.3 */ int (*opendir) (const char *, fuse_file_info_t *); /** Read directory * * This supersedes the old getdir() interface. New applications * should use this. * * The filesystem may choose between two modes of operation: * * 1) The readdir implementation ignores the offset parameter, and * passes zero to the filler function's offset. The filler * function will not return '1' (unless an error happens), so the * whole directory is read in a single readdir operation. This * works just like the old getdir() method. * * 2) The readdir implementation keeps track of the offsets of the * directory entries. It uses the offset parameter and always * passes non-zero offset to the filler function. When the buffer * is full (or an error happens) the filler function will return * '1'. * * Introduced in version 2.3 */ int (*readdir)(const fuse_file_info_t *, fuse_dirents_t *); int (*readdir_plus)(const fuse_file_info_t *, fuse_dirents_t *); /** Release directory * * Introduced in version 2.3 */ int (*releasedir) (const fuse_file_info_t *); /** Synchronize directory contents * * If the datasync parameter is non-zero, then only the user data * should be flushed, not the meta data * * Introduced in version 2.3 */ int (*fsyncdir) (const fuse_file_info_t *, int); /** * Initialize filesystem * * The return value will passed in the private_data field of * fuse_context to all file operations and as a parameter to the * destroy() method. * * Introduced in version 2.3 * Changed in version 2.6 */ void *(*init) (struct fuse_conn_info *conn); /** * Clean up filesystem * * Called on filesystem exit. * * Introduced in version 2.3 */ void (*destroy) (void); /** * Check file access permissions * * This will be called for the access() system call. If the * 'default_permissions' mount option is given, this method is not * called. * * This method is not called under Linux kernel versions 2.4.x * * Introduced in version 2.5 */ int (*access) (const char *, int); /** * Create and open a file * * If the file does not exist, first create it with the specified * mode, and then open it. * * If this method is not implemented or under Linux kernel * versions earlier than 2.6.15, the mknod() and open() methods * will be called instead. * * Introduced in version 2.5 */ int (*create) (const char *, mode_t, fuse_file_info_t *); /** * Change the size of an open file * * This method is called instead of the truncate() method if the * truncation was invoked from an ftruncate() system call. * * If this method is not implemented or under Linux kernel * versions earlier than 2.6.15, the truncate() method will be * called instead. * * Introduced in version 2.5 */ int (*ftruncate) (const fuse_file_info_t *, off_t); /** * Get attributes from an open file * * This method is called instead of the getattr() method if the * file information is available. * * Currently this is only called after the create() method if that * is implemented (see above). Later it may be called for * invocations of fstat() too. * * Introduced in version 2.5 */ int (*fgetattr) (const fuse_file_info_t *, struct stat *, fuse_timeouts_t *); /** * Perform POSIX file locking operation * * The cmd argument will be either F_GETLK, F_SETLK or F_SETLKW. * * For the meaning of fields in 'struct flock' see the man page * for fcntl(2). The l_whence field will always be set to * SEEK_SET. * * For checking lock ownership, the 'fuse_file_info->owner' * argument must be used. * * For F_GETLK operation, the library will first check currently * held locks, and if a conflicting lock is found it will return * information without calling this method. This ensures, that * for local locks the l_pid field is correctly filled in. The * results may not be accurate in case of race conditions and in * the presence of hard links, but it's unlikely that an * application would rely on accurate GETLK results in these * cases. If a conflicting lock is not found, this method will be * called, and the filesystem may fill out l_pid by a meaningful * value, or it may leave this field zero. * * For F_SETLK and F_SETLKW the l_pid field will be set to the pid * of the process performing the locking operation. * * Note: if this method is not implemented, the kernel will still * allow file locking to work locally. Hence it is only * interesting for network filesystems and similar. * * Introduced in version 2.6 */ int (*lock) (const fuse_file_info_t *, int cmd, struct flock *); /** * Change the access and modification times of a file with * nanosecond resolution * * This supersedes the old utime() interface. New applications * should use this. * * See the utimensat(2) man page for details. * * Introduced in version 2.6 */ int (*utimens)(const char *, const struct timespec tv[2]); int (*futimens)(const fuse_file_info_t *ffi_, const struct timespec tv_[2]); /** * Map block index within file to block index within device * * Note: This makes sense only for block device backed filesystems * mounted with the 'blkdev' option * * Introduced in version 2.6 */ int (*bmap) (const char *, size_t blocksize, uint64_t *idx); /** * Ioctl * * flags will have FUSE_IOCTL_COMPAT set for 32bit ioctls in * 64bit environment. The size and direction of data is * determined by _IOC_*() decoding of cmd. For _IOC_NONE, * data will be NULL, for _IOC_WRITE data is out area, for * _IOC_READ in area and if both are set in/out area. In all * non-NULL cases, the area is of _IOC_SIZE(cmd) bytes. * * If flags has FUSE_IOCTL_DIR then the fuse_file_info refers to a * directory file handle. * * Introduced in version 2.8 */ int (*ioctl) (const fuse_file_info_t *ffi, unsigned long cmd, void *arg, unsigned int flags, void *data, uint32_t *out_bufsz); /** * Poll for IO readiness events * * Note: If ph is non-NULL, the client should notify * when IO readiness events occur by calling * fuse_notify_poll() with the specified ph. * * Regardless of the number of times poll with a non-NULL ph * is received, single notification is enough to clear all. * Notifying more times incurs overhead but doesn't harm * correctness. * * The callee is responsible for destroying ph with * fuse_pollhandle_destroy() when no longer in use. * * Introduced in version 2.8 */ int (*poll) (const fuse_file_info_t *ffi, fuse_pollhandle_t *ph, unsigned *reventsp); /** Write contents of buffer to an open file * * Similar to the write() method, but data is supplied in a * generic buffer. Use fuse_buf_copy() to transfer data to * the destination. * * Introduced in version 2.9 */ int (*write) (const fuse_file_info_t *ffi, const char *data, size_t size, off_t off); /** Store data from an open file in a buffer * * Similar to the read() method, but data is stored and * returned in a generic buffer. * * No actual copying of data has to take place, the source * file descriptor may simply be stored in the buffer for * later data transfer. * * The buffer must be allocated dynamically and stored at the * location pointed to by bufp. If the buffer contains memory * regions, they too must be allocated using malloc(). The * allocated memory will be freed by the caller. * * Introduced in version 2.9 */ int (*read_buf) (const fuse_file_info_t *ffi, struct fuse_bufvec **bufp, size_t size, off_t off); /** * Perform BSD file locking operation * * The op argument will be either LOCK_SH, LOCK_EX or LOCK_UN * * Nonblocking requests will be indicated by ORing LOCK_NB to * the above operations * * For more information see the flock(2) manual page. * * Additionally fi->owner will be set to a value unique to * this open file. This same value will be supplied to * ->release() when the file is released. * * Note: if this method is not implemented, the kernel will still * allow file locking to work locally. Hence it is only * interesting for network filesystems and similar. * * Introduced in version 2.9 */ int (*flock) (const fuse_file_info_t *, int op); /** * Allocates space for an open file * * This function ensures that required space is allocated for specified * file. If this function returns success then any subsequent write * request to specified range is guaranteed not to fail because of lack * of space on the file system media. * * Introduced in version 2.9.1 */ int (*fallocate) (const fuse_file_info_t *, int, off_t, off_t); /** * Copy a range of data from one file to another * * Performs an optimized copy between two file descriptors without * the additional cost of transferring data through the FUSE kernel * module to user space (glibc) and then back into the FUSE filesystem * again. * * In case this method is not implemented, glibc falls back to * reading data from the source and writing to the * destination. Effectively doing an inefficient copy of the * data. */ ssize_t (*copy_file_range)(const fuse_file_info_t *fi_in, off_t offset_in, const fuse_file_info_t *fi_out, off_t offset_out, size_t size, int flags); }; /** Extra context that may be needed by some filesystems * * The uid, gid and pid fields are not filled in case of a writepage * operation. */ struct fuse_context { /** Pointer to the fuse object */ struct fuse *fuse; /** User ID of the calling process */ uid_t uid; /** Group ID of the calling process */ gid_t gid; /** Thread ID of the calling process */ pid_t pid; /** Umask of the calling process (introduced in version 2.8) */ mode_t umask; }; /** * Main function of FUSE. * * This is for the lazy. This is all that has to be called from the * main() function. * * This function does the following: * - parses command line options (-d -s and -h) * - passes relevant mount options to the fuse_mount() * - installs signal handlers for INT, HUP, TERM and PIPE * - registers an exit handler to unmount the filesystem on program exit * - creates a fuse handle * - registers the operations * - calls either the single-threaded or the multi-threaded event loop * * Note: this is currently implemented as a macro. * * @param argc the argument counter passed to the main() function * @param argv the argument vector passed to the main() function * @param op the file system operation * @return 0 on success, nonzero on failure */ /* int fuse_main(int argc, char *argv[], const struct fuse_operations *op); */ #define fuse_main(argc, argv, op) \ fuse_main_real(argc, argv, op, sizeof(*(op))) /* ----------------------------------------------------------- * * More detailed API * * ----------------------------------------------------------- */ /** * Create a new FUSE filesystem. * * @param ch the communication channel * @param args argument vector * @param op the filesystem operations * @param op_size the size of the fuse_operations structure * @return the created FUSE handle */ struct fuse *fuse_new(struct fuse_chan *ch, struct fuse_args *args, const struct fuse_operations *op, size_t op_size); /** * Destroy the FUSE handle. * * The communication channel attached to the handle is also destroyed. * * NOTE: This function does not unmount the filesystem. If this is * needed, call fuse_unmount() before calling this function. * * @param f the FUSE handle */ void fuse_destroy(struct fuse *f); /** * Exit from event loop * * @param f the FUSE handle */ void fuse_exit(struct fuse *f); int fuse_config_read_thread_count(const struct fuse *f); int fuse_config_process_thread_count(const struct fuse *f); /** * FUSE event loop with multiple threads * * Requests from the kernel are processed, and the appropriate * operations are called. Request are processed in parallel by * distributing them between multiple threads. * * Calling this function requires the pthreads library to be linked to * the application. * * @param f the FUSE handle * @return 0 if no error occurred, -1 otherwise */ int fuse_loop_mt(struct fuse *f); /** * Get the current context * * The context is only valid for the duration of a filesystem * operation, and thus must not be stored and used later. * * @return the context */ struct fuse_context *fuse_get_context(void); /** * Check if the current request has already been interrupted * * @return 1 if the request has been interrupted, 0 otherwise */ int fuse_interrupted(void); /** * Obsolete, doesn't do anything * * @return -EINVAL */ int fuse_invalidate(struct fuse *f, const char *path); /* Deprecated, don't use */ int fuse_is_lib_option(const char *opt); /** * The real main function * * Do not call this directly, use fuse_main() */ int fuse_main_real(int argc, char *argv[], const struct fuse_operations *op, size_t op_size); int fuse_start_maintenance_thread(struct fuse *fuse); void fuse_stop_maintenance_thread(struct fuse *fuse); int fuse_log_metrics_get(void); void fuse_log_metrics_set(int enabled); /** * Iterate over cache removing stale entries * use in conjunction with "-oremember" * * NOTE: This is already done for the standard sessions * * @param fuse struct fuse pointer for fuse instance * @return the number of seconds until the next cleanup */ int fuse_clean_cache(struct fuse *fuse); /* * Stacking API */ /** * Fuse filesystem object * * This is opaque object represents a filesystem layer */ struct fuse_fs; /* * These functions call the relevant filesystem operation, and return * the result. * * If the operation is not defined, they return -ENOSYS, with the * exception of fuse_fs_open, fuse_fs_release, fuse_fs_opendir, * fuse_fs_releasedir and fuse_fs_statfs, which return 0. */ int fuse_notify_poll(fuse_pollhandle_t *ph); /** * Create a new fuse filesystem object * * This is usually called from the factory of a fuse module to create * a new instance of a filesystem. * * @param op the filesystem operations * @param op_size the size of the fuse_operations structure * @return a new filesystem object */ struct fuse_fs *fuse_fs_new(const struct fuse_operations *op, size_t op_size); /* ----------------------------------------------------------- * * Advanced API for event handling, don't worry about this... * * ----------------------------------------------------------- */ /* NOTE: the following functions are deprecated, and will be removed from the 3.0 API. Use the lowlevel session functions instead */ /** Function type used to process commands */ typedef void (*fuse_processor_t)(struct fuse *, struct fuse_cmd *, void *); /** This is the part of fuse_main() before the event loop */ struct fuse *fuse_setup(int argc, char *argv[], const struct fuse_operations *op, size_t op_size, char **mountpoint); /** This is the part of fuse_main() after the event loop */ void fuse_teardown(struct fuse *fuse, char *mountpoint); /** Multi threaded event loop, which calls the custom command processor function */ int fuse_loop_mt_proc(struct fuse *f, fuse_processor_t proc, void *data); /** Return the exited flag, which indicates if fuse_exit() has been called */ int fuse_exited(struct fuse *f); /** This function is obsolete and implemented as a no-op */ void fuse_set_getcontext_func(struct fuse_context *(*func)(void)); /** Get session from fuse object */ struct fuse_session *fuse_get_session(struct fuse *f); EXTERN_C_END #endif /* _FUSE_H_ */