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165 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
165 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
[fish](https://fishshell.com/) - the friendly interactive shell [](https://travis-ci.org/fish-shell/fish-shell)
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================================================
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fish is a smart and user-friendly command line shell for macOS, Linux, and the rest of the family.
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fish includes features like syntax highlighting, autosuggest-as-you-type, and fancy tab completions
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that just work, with no configuration required.
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For more on fish's design philosophy, see the [design document](https://fishshell.com/docs/current/design.html).
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## Quick Start
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fish generally works like other shells, like bash or zsh. A few important differences can be found at <https://fishshell.com/docs/current/tutorial.html> by searching for the magic phrase "unlike other shells".
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Detailed user documentation is available by running `help` within fish, and also at <https://fishshell.com/docs/current/index.html>
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You can quickly play with fish right in your browser by clicking the button below:
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[](https://rootnroll.com/d/fish-shell/)
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## Getting fish
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### macOS
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fish can be installed:
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* using [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/): `brew install fish`
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* using [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/): `sudo port install fish`
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* using the [installer from fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/)
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* as a [standalone app from fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/)
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### Packages for Linux
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Packages for Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS are available from the
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[openSUSE Build
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Service](https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=shells%3Afish%3Arelease%3A2&package=fish).
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Packages for Ubuntu are available from the [fish
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PPA](https://launchpad.net/~fish-shell/+archive/ubuntu/release-2), and can be installed using the
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following commands:
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```
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sudo apt-add-repository ppa:fish-shell/release-2
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install fish
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```
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Instructions for other distributions may be found at [fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com).
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### Windows
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- On Windows 10, fish can be installed under the WSL Windows Subsystem for Linux with `sudo apt install fish` or from source with the instructions below.
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- Fish can also be installed on all versions of Windows using [Cygwin](https://cygwin.com/) (from the **Shells** category).
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### Building from source
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If packages are not available for your platform, GPG-signed tarballs are available from
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[fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/) and [fish-shell on
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GitHub](https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/releases). See the *Building* section for instructions.
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## Running fish
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Once installed, run `fish` from your current shell to try fish out!
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### Dependencies
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Running fish requires:
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* curses or ncurses (preinstalled on most \*nix systems)
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* some common \*nix system utilities (currently `mktemp` and `seq`), in addition to the basic POSIX utilities
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* gettext (library and `gettext` command), if compiled with translation support
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The following optional features also have specific requirements:
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* builtin commands that have the `--help` option or print usage messages require `nroff` and `ul`
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* automated completion generation from manual pages requires Python (2.7+ or 3.3+) and possibly the
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`backports.lzma` module for Python 2.7
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* the `fish_config` web configuration tool requires Python (2.7+ or 3.3 +) and a web browser
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* system clipboard integration (with the default Ctrl-V and Ctrl-X bindings) require either the
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`xsel` or `pbcopy`/`pbpaste` utilities
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* full completions for `yarn` and `bower` require the `jq` utility
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* full completions for `yarn` and `npm` require the `all-the-package-names` NPM module
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### Switching to fish
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If you wish to use fish as your default shell, use the following command:
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chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish
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`chsh` will prompt you for your password and change your default shell. (Substitute `/usr/local/bin/fish` with whatever path fish was installed to, if it differs.)
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Use the following command if fish isn't already added to `/etc/shells` to permit fish to be your login shell:
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echo /usr/local/bin/fish | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
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To switch your default shell back, you can run `chsh -s /bin/bash` (substituting `/bin/bash` with `/bin/tcsh` or `/bin/zsh` as appropriate).
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## Building
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### Dependencies
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Compiling fish requires:
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* a C++11 compiler (g++ 4.8 or later, or clang 3.3 or later)
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* any of CMake, GNU Make, or (on macOS only) Xcode
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* a curses implementation such as ncurses (headers and libraries)
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* PCRE2 (headers and libraries) - a copy is included with fish
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* gettext (headers and libraries) - optional, for translation support
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Additionally, if compiling fish with GNU Make from git (that is, not from an officially released tarball), `autoconf` 2.60+ and `automake` 1.13+ are required. Doxygen (1.8.7 or later) is also optionally required to build the documentation from a cloned git repository.
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### Building from source (all platforms)
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#### Using CMake (preferred)
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```bash
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mkdir build; cd build
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cmake ..
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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#### Using autotools
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```bash
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autoreconf --no-recursive #if building from Git
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./configure
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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### Building from source (macOS only)
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* Build the `base` target in Xcode
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* Run the fish executable, for example, in `DerivedData/fish/Build/Products/Debug/base/bin/fish`
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To build and install fish with Xcode on macOS, execute the following in a terminal:
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```bash
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xcodebuild install
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sudo ditto /tmp/fish.dst /
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sudo make install-doc
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```
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### Help, it didn't build!
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If fish reports that it could not find curses, try installing a curses development package and build again.
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On Debian or Ubuntu you want:
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sudo apt-get install build-essential ncurses-dev libncurses5-dev gettext autoconf
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On RedHat, CentOS, or Amazon EC2:
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sudo yum install ncurses-devel
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## Contributing Changes to the Code
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See the [Guide for Developers](CONTRIBUTING.md).
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## Contact Us
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Questions, comments, rants and raves can be posted to the official fish mailing list at <https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users> or join us on our [gitter.im channel](https://gitter.im/fish-shell/fish-shell) or IRC channel [#fish at irc.oftc.net](https://webchat.oftc.net/?channels=fish). Or use the [fish tag on Stackoverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fish) for questions related to fish script and the [fish tag on Superuser](https://superuser.com/questions/tagged/fish) for all other questions (e.g., customizing colors, changing key bindings).
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Found a bug? Have an awesome idea? Please [open an issue](https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/issues/new).
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