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187 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
187 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
[fish](https://fishshell.com/) - the friendly interactive shell [](https://travis-ci.org/fish-shell/fish-shell)
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================================================
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fish is a smart and user-friendly command line shell for macOS, Linux, and the rest of the family.
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fish includes features like syntax highlighting, autosuggest-as-you-type, and fancy tab completions
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that just work, with no configuration required.
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For more on fish's design philosophy, see the [design document](https://fishshell.com/docs/current/design.html).
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## Quick Start
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fish generally works like other shells, like bash or zsh. A few important differences can be found at <https://fishshell.com/docs/current/tutorial.html> by searching for the magic phrase "unlike other shells".
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Detailed user documentation is available by running `help` within fish, and also at <https://fishshell.com/docs/current/index.html>
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## Getting fish
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### macOS
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fish can be installed:
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* using [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/): `brew install fish`
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* using [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/): `sudo port install fish`
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* using the [installer from fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/)
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* as a [standalone app from fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/)
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### Packages for Linux
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Packages for Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS are available from the
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[openSUSE Build
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Service](https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=shells%3Afish%3Arelease%3A2&package=fish).
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Packages for Ubuntu are available from the [fish
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PPA](https://launchpad.net/~fish-shell/+archive/ubuntu/release-2), and can be installed using the
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following commands:
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```
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sudo apt-add-repository ppa:fish-shell/release-2
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install fish
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```
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Instructions for other distributions may be found at [fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com).
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### Windows
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fish can be installed using [Cygwin](https://cygwin.com/) Setup (under the **Shells** category).
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fish can be installed into Windows Subsystem for Linux using the instructions under *Packages for
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Linux* for the appropriate image (eg Ubuntu).
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### Building from source
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If packages are not available for your platform, GPG-signed tarballs are available from
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[fishshell.com](https://fishshell.com/) and [fish-shell on
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GitHub](https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/releases).
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See the *Building* section for instructions.
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## Running fish
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Once installed, run `fish` from your current shell to try fish out!
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### Dependencies
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Running fish requires:
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* a curses implementation such as ncurses (libraries and the `tput` command)
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* PCRE2 library - a copy is included with fish
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* MuParser library - a copy is included with fish
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* gettext (library and `gettext` command), if compiled with translation support
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* basic system utilities including `basename`, `cat`, `cut`, `date`, `dircolors`, `dirname`, `ls`,
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`mkdir`, `mkfifo`, `mktemp`, `rm`, `seq`, `sort`, `stat`, `stty`, `tail`, `tr`, `tty`, `uname`,
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`uniq`, `wc`, and `whoami`
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* a number of common UNIX utilities:
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* `awk`
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* `find`
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* `grep`
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* `hostname`
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* `kill`
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* `ps`
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* `sed`
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The following optional features also have specific requirements:
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* builtin commands that have the `--help` option or print usage messages require `nroff` and
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`ul` (manual page formatters) to do so
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* completion generation from manual pages requires Python 2.7, 3.3 or greater, and possibly the
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`backports.lzma` module for Python 2.7
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* the `fish_config` Web configuration tool requires Python 2.7, 3.3 or greater, and a web browser
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* system clipboard integration (with the default Ctrl-V and Ctrl-X bindings) require either the
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`xsel` or `pbcopy`/`pbpaste` utilities
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* prompts which support showing VCS information (Git, Mercurial or Subversion) require these
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utilities
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### Switching to fish
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If you wish to use fish as your default shell, use the following command:
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chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish
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chsh will prompt you for your password, and change your default shell. Substitute `/usr/local/bin/fish` with whatever path to fish is in your `/etc/shells` file.
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Use the following command if you didn't already add your fish path to `/etc/shells`.
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echo /usr/local/bin/fish | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
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To switch your default shell back, you can run:
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chsh -s /bin/bash
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Substitute `/bin/bash` with `/bin/tcsh` or `/bin/zsh` as appropriate.
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You may need to logout/login for the change (chsh) to take effect.
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## Building
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### Dependencies
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Compiling fish requires:
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* a C++11 compiler (g++ 4.8 or later, or clang 3.3 or later)
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* CMake, or GNU Make (all platforms), or Xcode (macOS only)
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* a curses implementation such as ncurses (headers and libraries)
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* PCRE2 (headers and libraries) - a copy is included with fish
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* MuParser (headers and libraries) - a copy is included with fish
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* gettext (headers and libraries) - optional, for translation support
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Compiling from git (that is, not a released tarball) also requires:
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* either Xcode (macOS only) or the following Autotools utilities (all platforms):
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* autoconf 2.60 or later
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* automake 1.13 or later
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* Doxygen (1.8.7 or later) - optional, for documentation
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### Building from source
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#### Using CMake
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```bash
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mkdir build; cd build
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cmake .. # add -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release for release build
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make install
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```
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#### Using autotools
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```bash
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autoreconf --no-recursive #if building from Git
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./configure
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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### Xcode Development Build
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* Build the `base` target in Xcode
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* Run the fish executable, for example, in `DerivedData/fish/Build/Products/Debug/base/bin/fish`
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### Xcode Build and Install
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xcodebuild install
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sudo ditto /tmp/fish.dst /
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sudo make install-doc
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### Help, it didn't build!
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If fish reports that it could not find curses, try installing a curses development package and build again.
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On Debian or Ubuntu you want:
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sudo apt-get install build-essential ncurses-dev libncurses5-dev gettext autoconf
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On RedHat, CentOS, or Amazon EC2:
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sudo yum install ncurses-devel
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## Contributing Changes to the Code
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See the [Guide for Developers](CONTRIBUTING.md).
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## Contact Us
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Questions, comments, rants and raves can be posted to the official fish mailing list at <https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users> or join us on our [gitter.im channel](https://gitter.im/fish-shell/fish-shell) or IRC channel [#fish at irc.oftc.net](https://webchat.oftc.net/?channels=fish). Or use the [fish tag on Stackoverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fish) for questions related to fish script and the [fish tag on Superuser](https://superuser.com/questions/tagged/fish) for all other questions (e.g., customizing colors, changing key bindings).
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Found a bug? Have an awesome idea? Please open an issue on this github page.
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