4.2 KiB
| title | description | date |
|---|---|---|
| SFTP | SFTP | 2017-02-01 |
SFTP
SFTP is the Secure (or SSH) File Transfer
Protocol.
It runs over SSH v2 and is standard with most modern SSH
installations.
Paths are specified as remote:path. If the path does not begin with
a / it is relative to the home directory of the user. An empty path
remote: refers to the user's home directory.
Here is an example of making an SFTP configuration. First run
rclone config
This will guide you through an interactive setup process.
No remotes found - make a new one
n) New remote
s) Set configuration password
q) Quit config
n/s/q> n
name> remote
Type of storage to configure.
Choose a number from below, or type in your own value
1 / Amazon Drive
\ "amazon cloud drive"
2 / Amazon S3 (also Dreamhost, Ceph, Minio)
\ "s3"
3 / Backblaze B2
\ "b2"
4 / Dropbox
\ "dropbox"
5 / Encrypt/Decrypt a remote
\ "crypt"
6 / FTP Connection
\ "ftp"
7 / Google Cloud Storage (this is not Google Drive)
\ "google cloud storage"
8 / Google Drive
\ "drive"
9 / Hubic
\ "hubic"
10 / Local Disk
\ "local"
11 / Microsoft OneDrive
\ "onedrive"
12 / Openstack Swift (Rackspace Cloud Files, Memset Memstore, OVH)
\ "swift"
13 / SSH/SFTP Connection
\ "sftp"
14 / Yandex Disk
\ "yandex"
15 / http Connection
\ "http"
Storage> sftp
SSH host to connect to
Choose a number from below, or type in your own value
1 / Connect to example.com
\ "example.com"
host> example.com
SSH username, leave blank for current username, ncw
user> sftpuser
SSH port, leave blank to use default (22)
port>
SSH password, leave blank to use ssh-agent.
y) Yes type in my own password
g) Generate random password
n) No leave this optional password blank
y/g/n> n
Path to unencrypted PEM-encoded private key file, leave blank to use ssh-agent.
key_file>
Remote config
--------------------
[remote]
host = example.com
user = sftpuser
port =
pass =
key_file =
--------------------
y) Yes this is OK
e) Edit this remote
d) Delete this remote
y/e/d> y
This remote is called remote and can now be used like this:
See all directories in the home directory
rclone lsd remote:
Make a new directory
rclone mkdir remote:path/to/directory
List the contents of a directory
rclone ls remote:path/to/directory
Sync /home/local/directory to the remote directory, deleting any
excess files in the directory.
rclone sync /home/local/directory remote:directory
SSH Authentication
The SFTP remote supports three authentication methods:
- Password
- Key file
- ssh-agent
Key files should be unencrypted PEM-encoded private key files. For
instance /home/$USER/.ssh/id_rsa.
If you don't specify pass or key_file then rclone will attempt to
contact an ssh-agent.
ssh-agent on macOS
Note that there seem to be various problems with using an ssh-agent on
macOS due to recent changes in the OS. The most effective work-around
seems to be to start an ssh-agent in each session, eg
eval `ssh-agent -s` && ssh-add -A
And then at the end of the session
eval `ssh-agent -k`
These commands can be used in scripts of course.
Modified time
Modified times are stored on the server to 1 second precision.
Modified times are used in syncing and are fully supported.
Limitations
SFTP supports checksums if the same login has shell access and md5sum
or sha1sum as well as echo are in the remote's PATH.
The only ssh agent supported under Windows is Putty's pageant.
The Go SSH library disables the use of the aes128-cbc cipher by
default, due to security concerns. This can be re-enabled on a
per-connection basis by setting the use_insecure_cipher setting in
the configuration file to true. Further details on the insecurity of
this cipher can be found [in this paper]
(http://www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/~kp/SandPfinal.pdf).
SFTP isn't supported under plan9 until this
issue is fixed.
Note that since SFTP isn't HTTP based the following flags don't work
with it: --dump-headers, --dump-bodies, --dump-auth
Note that --timeout isn't supported (but --contimeout is).